The Manx Language

Genealogical Relations of Manx Manx is a Celtic Language, a member of the Goidelic branch of the Insular group of the Celtic language family, which in turn is a member of the wider Indo-European language family. Languages related to it include Irish from Ulster and Scottish Gaelic of Galloway, however it has different spelling protocols.... Continue Reading →

The Spanish Reconquista: Overview

The Crusades in the Middle East are very well known in our culture, as they have been featured in video games such as Assassin's Creed and movies such as the Kingdom of Heaven. However, the Reconquista in Spain is less known, although it took place for far longer, exactly 781 years from 711 to 1492... Continue Reading →

Zeus Cultural Analysis

Zeus is the primordial god in Greek mythology and likely the most interesting one as a result. The god Zeus was created as the Greek version of the Indo-European sky god, related to other patriarchal sky gods such as Thor and Odin in the Norse Pantheon.  The religion of Zeus very likely came about as... Continue Reading →

Ragnarok and Thorwald’s Cross

One of the most important Norse myths is Ragnarok, which tells of a terrible battle at the end of the world. In this myth, the gods Odin, Thor, Freyr, Tyr, and Heimdalr battle against Loki and Fenrir the Wolf, who have burst free, aided by Jormungand the Serpent, Hrim the Giant and Surt in the... Continue Reading →

Article Review: ‘Those same cursed Saracens’: Charlemagne’s campaigns in the Iberian Peninsula as religious warfare

Generally, Charlemagne’s campaigns against the Saracens in the Iberian Peninsula have been understood as secular due to the general lack of evidence showing their religiosity as opposed to Charlemagne’s other religious wars.  However, the author argues against this using primary and secondary sources from the Carolingian period. His thesis is that the observers of Charlemagne’s... Continue Reading →

The Advanced Civilization of the Ancient Celts

Introduction The word “Celt” refers to a people in both modern and ancient times. The Celts today live in the British Isles, along with the Brittany region in the west of France. However, the ancient Celtic peoples were much more widespread, covering areas from Spain, France, the British Isles, Central Europe, Northern Italy, the Balkans... Continue Reading →

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